In siliciclastic sediments, the mineral assemblage can comprise detrital and authigenic minerals. Most common element – mineral associations: Sedimentary rocks can have a diverse range of Mg-bearing minerals. Mg has one main oxidation stage, +2, and is the eighth-most abundant element in the Earth’s crust. Magnesium (symbol Mg atomic number 12 relative atomic mass 24.305) In most siliciclastic sediments Ti is present in only low concentrations, with TiO 2 concentrations commonly 1%) and ultramafic (> 2%) igneous rocks, compared to felsic (TiO 2 ~0.2%) rocks. Ti can also (beside others) be incorporated in traces into the crystal lattice of amphibole, pyroxene, garnet, biotite, illite, and chlorite. Most common element – mineral associations: heavy minerals, such as rutile/anatase/brookite TiO 2), ilmenite (FeTiO 3), titanite (or sphene) (CaTiSiO 5), and titanomagnetite (Fe”(Fe”’,Ti) 2O 4). Ti has three main oxidation states, +2, +3, +4, with +4 being the most common one. Titanium (symbol Ti atomic number 22 relative atomic mass 47.867)
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